We know that around 140 million Canon EF lenses were produced between 1987 and 2019. At this time, the production of new Canon RF lenses for the EOS R mirrorless system began to ramp up, and EF lens models began to be discontinued one by one. In February 2021, Canon announced that they had produced 150 million EF+RF lenses, but they did not divulge the split between the two lens mounts. Given their new focus on the RF mount, we may never know an EF lens production number more exact than somewhere between 140 and 150 million.
As a Canon shooter for more than a decade at the beginning of my professional career, I was aware of these crazy numbers. What I wasn’t sure about was exactly how many different lens models there had been in the life of the EF lens mount from 1987 to 2020. On a rainy Sunday afternoon, I decided to figure it out.
Fact: EF stands for Electro-Focus
What Is the Final Model Count?
It turns out that the answer to this question is a little tricky. Between 1987 and 2020, Canon launched 211 different EF or EF-S lenses to the public. If anyone stopped me and asked me this question on the street, I’d say 211 lenses is the simple answer.
This number is made up of 20 EF-S lenses for APS-C cameras, and 191 EF lenses. I decided to combine the two together to get to 211 because that is what Canon does when they announce their own numbers. EF-S lenses are a subset of EF lenses, and the “140 million EF lenses sold” includes both EF and EF-S lenses as all of these lenses use the same EF mount.
I have also included all of Canon’s Cinema EOS lenses that were available with an EF mount. This includes 14 prime lenses with an EF mount, 2 zooms with an EF mount and 9 zoom lenses that were available with either an EF or a PL mount. Only the EF versions of the zooms were included in the final tally.

The decision to include the Cinema EOS lenses in the tally was one I stopped to think about. For many people, it will seem irrelevant because these lenses can be incredibly expensive (up to $70,000 for the cine zooms). That said, I do know of several stills photographers who use the EF-Mount cine primes which come in at the much more reasonable price of around $4000. Canon also chooses to include the Cinema EOS lenses in their overall EF lens sales figures.
I did not include the 6 different EF extenders (teleconverters) in this tally of 211 EF lenses. They do not have a focal length, so I do not count them as camera lenses. I don’t think anyone would argue with me on that point, but it’s not clear whether Canon includes them in their EF lens sales figures. They do appear in the promotional images distributed whenever Canon hit notable EF lens sales figures, so perhaps Canon and I disagree on this point.
I chose to ignore the 7 EF-M lenses for Canon’s seemingly defunct mirrorless EOS M cameras. Unlike EF-S lenses, which actually use the regular EF mount, EF-M lenses use a smaller, distinctly different lens mount. I do not consider these lenses to be a subset of EF lenses in the same way as EF-S lenses.
I’m also choosing to ignore the incredibly rare EF 300mm f/1.8 lens. We know this lens exists, but the current thinking is that only four were ever made, and crucially, they were not publicly available.
When I compiled the list of lenses and their release dates that you see further down the page, I also discovered that some lenses were only available in certain parts of the world. For example, in the early years of EF lens production, it was common to produce a lens using standard AF motors, and then produce a version of the same lens that used more expensive USM AF motors.
In most cases, only one of these versions would be sold in a specific global market. When deciding on the tally of 211 total EF lenses, I did choose to include all of these versions because they were all publicly available. And theoretically, you could purchase any of them if you travelled to that different market or ordered the lens online.
Canon EF Lenses – A Summary
- 211 publicly available lenses with an EF mount
- 166 EF intended for stills cameras
- 20 EF-S intended for stills cameras
- 188 total EF lenses intended for stills cameras
- 7 EF mount cinema primes
- 7 EF mount Sumire cinema primes
- 11 EF mount cinema zooms
- 1 EF lens not available to the general public (not included in 211 lens tally)
- 6 versions of EF lens extenders (not included in 211 lens tally)
If you disagree with this or think I have missed something, please leave a comment!
Notable EF Lens Milestones
Canon led the way in many areas of photographic lens design. These are some of the notable, even iconic lenses from the vast EF lens catalogue.
- March 1987 – First EOS camera and first EF lenses (EF 35-105mm f/3.5-4.5, EF 35-70mm f/3.5-4.5, EF 50mm f/1.8)
- November 1987 – First lens with an Ultrasonic Motor (EF 300mm f/2.8 L USM)
- January 1993 – First DSLR lens with 10X zoom factor (EF 35-350mm f/3.5-5.6L USM)
- May 1993 – First Super UD Ultra Low Dispersion elements for chromatic aberration correction (EF 400mm f/5.6L USM)
- September 1995 – First lens with image stabilization (EF 75-300mm f4-5.6 IS USM)
- March 1997 – First L Series lens with image stabilization (EF 300mm f/4L IS USM)
- September 2001 – First lens with diffractive optics (EF 400mm f4 DO IS USM)
- August 2003 – First EF-S lenses for APS-C digital SLRs (EF-S 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6, F-S 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6 USM)
- December 2008 – First lens with SWC Sub-wavelength Coating to minimize reflections (EF 24mm f1.4L II USM)
- October 2009 – First lens with Hybrid IS (EF 100mm f/2.8L Macro IS USM)
- August 2010 – First lens with fluorine anti smear coating for easy cleaning (EF 70-300mm f/4-5.6L IS USM)
- July 2011 – First fisheye zoom lens (EF 8-15mm f/4L Fisheye USM)
- April 2011 – First EF cinema primes and zoom lenses
- February 2012 – First wide-angle lens with image stabilization (EF 24mm f/2.8 IS USM, EF 28mm f/2.8 IS USM)
- May 2013 – First Super-Telephoto lens with a built-in extender (EF 200-400mm f4L IS USM Extender 1.4x)
- February 2015 – Fist zoom lens with 11mm focal length (EF 11-24mm f4L USM)
- August 2015 – First lens with BR Blue Spectrum Refractive Optics to minimize chromatic aberration (EF 35mm f/1.4 L II)
Canon EF and EF-S Lens Release Dates in Order
Canon introduced the final new EF stills lenses in September 2018 and the final Cinema EOS lens with an EF mount in April 2020. What follows is a timeline of the EF lens releases.
Possible Date Discrepancies
As best as I can, I have tried to track down the exact dates on which these EF lenses were first unveiled to the world. For lenses launched while the internet was thriving, this was relatively easy as press releases can still be unearthed. Earlier lenses were more difficult.
While Canon does maintain a useful online museum of their lenses, the listed dates for most of their lenses are demonstrably incorrect. Or at least they do not reflect the launch date of the lens. Perhaps their dates reflect the shipping dates of these lenses to stores? It’s hard to say. Their list omits entire lenses, so perhaps it is simply inaccurate. Nonetheless, I have tried as best I can to construct the EF lens timeline and prioritize actual launch dates wherever that information was available.
Recommended Reading: If you have ever wondered what all of the additional alphanumeric characters mean in the Canon EF and EF-S lens names, things like USM, A, DO, DC, BR, CN-E I recommend reading our guide to Canon lens terminology and abbreviations for a thorough explanation.
# | Lens Model | Launched (DD/MM/YY) |
---|---|---|
2022 | ||
211 | CN-E 45-135mm T2.4 | 12/04/2022 |
210 | CN-E 20-50mm T2.4 | 12/04/2022 |
2020 | ||
209 | CINE-SERVO 25-250mm T2.95-3.95 | 20/04/20 |
2019 | ||
208 | CN-E 14mm T3.1 FP X | 03/04/19 |
207 | CN-E 20mm T1.5 FP X | 03/04/19 |
206 | CN-E 24mm T1.5 FP X | 03/04/19 |
205 | CN-E 35mm T1.5 FP X | 03/04/19 |
204 | CN-E 50mm T1.3 FP X | 03/04/19 |
203 | CN-E 85mm T1.3 FP X | 03/04/19 |
202 | CN-E135mm T2.2 FP X | 03/04/19 |
2018 | ||
201 | EF 600mm F/4 L IS III | 05/09/18 |
200 | EF 400mm f/2.8 L IS III | 05/09/18 |
199 | EF 70-200mm f/4 L IS II | 06/06/18 |
198 | EF 70-200mm f/2.8 L IS III | 06/06/18 |
197 | CN-E 20mm T1.5 L F | 28/03/18 |
2017 | ||
196 | EF 85mm f/1.4 L IS USM | 29/08/17 |
195 | TS-E 50mm f/2.8 L Macro | 29/08/17 |
194 | TS-E 90mm f/2.8 L Macro | 29/08/17 |
193 | TS-E 135mm f/4 L Macro | 29/08/17 |
192 | CN-E 70-200mm T4.4 L IS KAS S | 20/04/17 |
191 | EF-S 35mm f/2.8 Macro IS STM | 04/04/17 |
190 | EF-S 18-55mm f/4-5.6 STM | 14/02/17 |
2016 | ||
189 | EF 70-300 F4-5.6 IS II USM | 15/09/16 |
188 | EF 16-35mm f/2.8L III USM | 25/08/16 |
187 | EF 24-105mm f/4L IS II USM | 25/08/16 |
186 | CN-E 18-80mm T4.4L IS KAS S | 13/04/16 |
185 | EF-S 18-135mm f/3.5-5.6 IS USM | 18/02/16 |
2015 | ||
184 | EF 35mm f/1.4L II USM | 27/08/15 |
183 | EF 50mm f/1.8 STM | 11/05/15 |
182 | EF 11-24mm F/4L USM | 05/02/15 |
2014 | ||
181 | EF 100-400mm f/4.5-5.6L IS II USM | 10/11/14 |
180 | CINE-SERVO 50-1000mm T5.0-8.9 | 16/10/14 |
179 | EF-S 24mm f/2.8 STM | 15/09/14 |
178 | EF 400mm f/4 DO IS II USM | 15/09/14 |
177 | EF 24-105mm f/3.5-5.6 IS STM | 15/09/14 |
176 | EF-S 10-18mm f/4.5-5.6 IS STM | 13/05/14 |
175 | EF 16-35mm f/4L IS USM | 13/05/14 |
174 | CINE-SERVO 17-120mm T2.95 | 02/04/14 |
2013 | ||
173 | EF-S 55-250mm f/4-5.6 IS STM | 22/08/13 |
172 | EF 200-400mm f/4L IS USM Extender 1.4X | 14/05/13 |
171 | CN-E 35mm T1.5 L F | 03/04/13 |
170 | EF-S 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6 IS STM | 21/03/13 |
169 | CN-E 14mm T3.1 L F | 10/01/13 |
168 | CN-E 135mm T2.2 L F | 10/01/13 |
2012 | ||
167 | EF 35mm f/2 IS USM | 05/11/12 |
166 | EF 24-70mm f/4L IS USM | 05/11/12 |
165 | EF 40mm f/2.8 STM | 08/06/12 |
164 | EF-S 18-135mm f/3.5-5.6 IS STM | 08/06/12 |
163 | CN-E 15.5-47mm T2.8 L S | 14/04/12 |
162 | CN-E 30-105mm T2.8 L S | 14/04/12 |
161 | EF 24-70 f/2.8L II USM | 07/02/12 |
160 | EF 24mm f/2.8 IS USM | 07/02/12 |
159 | EF 28mm f/2.8 IS USM | 07/02/12 |
2011 | ||
158 | CN-E 30–300mm T2.95–3.7 L S | 04/11/11 |
157 | CN-E 14.5–60mm T2.6 L S | 04/11/11 |
156 | CN-E 85mm T1.3 L F | 04/11/11 |
155 | CN-E 50mm T1.3 L F | 04/11/11 |
154 | CN-E 24mm T1.5 L F | 04/11/11 |
153 | EF-S 55-250mm f/4-5.6 IS II | 13/06/11 |
152 | EF-S 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6 IS II | 07/02/11 |
151 | EF-S 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6 III | 07/02/11 |
150 | EF 600mm f/4L IS II USM | 07/02/11 |
149 | EF 500mm f/4L IS II USM | 07/02/11 |
2010 | ||
N/A | Extender EF 1.4X III | 26/08/10 |
N/A | Extender EF 2x III | 26/08/10 |
148 | EF 70-300mm f/4-5.6L IS USM | 26/08/10 |
147 | EF 300mm f/2.8 L IS II USM | 26/08/10 |
146 | EF 400mm f/2.8 L IS II USM | 26/08/10 |
145 | EF 8-15mm f/4L Fisheye USM | 26/08/10 |
144 | EF 70-200mm f/2.8L IS II USM | 05/01/10 |
2009 | ||
143 | EF-S 15-85mm f/3.5-5.6 IS USM | 01/09/09 |
142 | EF-S 18-135mm f/3.5-5.6 IS | 01/09/09 |
141 | EF 100mm f/2.8L Macro IS USM | 01/09/09 |
140 | TS-E 17mm f/4L | 17/02/09 |
139 | TS-E 24mm f/3.5L II | 17/02/09 |
2008 | ||
138 | EF 24mm f/1.4L II USM | 17/09/08 |
137 | EF-S 18-200mm f/3.5-5.6 IS | 26/08/08 |
136 | EF 800mm f/5.6L IS USM | 23/01/08 |
135 | EF 200mm f/2L IS USM | 23/01/08 |
2007 | ||
134 | EF-S 55-250mm f/4-5.6 IS | 20/08/07 |
133 | EF 14mm f/2.8L II USM | 20/08/07 |
132 | EF-S 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6 IS | 20/08/07 |
131 | EF 16-35 mm f/2.8L II USM | 22/02/07 |
2006 | ||
130 | EF 50mm f/1.2L USM | 24/08/06 |
129 | EF 70-200mm f/4L IS USM | 24/08/06 |
128 | EF-S 17-55mm f/2.8 IS USM | 21/02/06 |
127 | EF 85mm f/1.2L II USM | 21/02/06 |
2005 | ||
126 | EF 24-105mm f/4L IS USM | 22/08/05 |
125 | EF 70-300mm f/4-5.6 IS USM | 22/08/05 |
124 | EF-S 60mm f/2.8 Macro USM | 17/02/05 |
123 | EF-S 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6 II USM | 17/02/05 |
121 | EF-S 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6 II | 17/02/05 |
2004 | ||
121 | EF-S 10-22mm f/3.5-4.5 USM | 19/08/04 |
120 | EF 28-90mm f/4-5.6 III | September 2004 |
119 | EF-S 17-85mm f/4-5.6 IS USM | 19/08/04 |
118 | EF 70-300mm f/4.5-5.6 DO IS USM | 29/01/04 |
117 | EF 28-300mm f/3.5-5.6L IS USM | 29/01/04 |
2003 | ||
116 | EF 28-90mm f/4-5.6 II | September 2003 |
115 | EF-S 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6 | 20/08/03 |
114 | EF-S 18-55mm f/3.5-5.6 USM | 20/08/03 |
113 | EF 55-200mm f/4.5-5.6 II USM | 20/08/03 |
112 | EF 17-40 f/4L USM | 27/02/03 |
2002 | ||
111 | EF 24-70mm f/2.8L USM | 24/09/02 |
110 | EF 90-300mm f/4.5-5.6 USM | September 2002 |
109 | EF 90-300mm f/4.5-5.6 | September 2002 |
108 | EF 28-90mm f/4-5.6 II USM | September 2002 |
107 | EF 28-105mm f/4-5.6 USM | September 2002 |
106 | EF 28-105mm f/4-5.6 | September 2002 |
2001 | ||
105 | EF 16-35mm f/2.8L USM | 26/09/01 |
104 | EF 70-200mm f/2.8L IS USM | 01/08/01 |
N/A | Extender EF2X II | March 2001 |
N/A | Extender EF1.4X II | March 2001 |
2000 | ||
103 | EF 400mm f/4 DO IS USM | 06/09/00 |
102 | EF 28-105mm f/3.5-4.5 II USM | October 2000 |
101 | EF 28-200mm f/3.5-5.6 USM | September 2000 |
100 | EF 28-200mm f/3.5-5.6 | September 2000 |
99 | EF 28-90mm f/4-5.6 USM | September 2000 |
98 | EF28-90mm f/4-5.6 | September 2000 |
97 | EF 100mm f/2.8 Macro USM | March 2000 |
1999 | ||
96 | EF 70-200mm f/4L USM | September 1999 |
95 | EF 600mm f/4L IS USM | September 1999 |
94 | EF 400mm f/2.8L IS USM | September 1999 |
93 | MP-E 65mm f/2.8 1-5x Macro | September 1999 |
92 | EF 300mm f/2.8L IS USM | July 1999 |
91 | EF 500mm f/4L IS USM | July 1999 |
90 | EF 75-300mm f/4-5.6 III | April 1999 |
89 | EF 75-300mm f/4.0-5.6 III USM | April 1999 |
88 | EF 28-80mm f/3.5-5.6 V USM | April 1999 |
87 | EF 28-80mm f/3.5-5.6 II | April 1999 |
1998 | ||
86 | EF 35mm f/1.4L USM | December 1998 |
85 | EF 100-400mm f/4.5-5.6L IS USM | November 1998 |
84 | EF 22-55mm f/4-5.6 USM | March 1998 |
83 | EF 55-200mm f/4.5-5.6 USM | March 1998 |
82 | EF 28-135mm f/3.5-5.6 IS USM | February 1998 |
1997 | ||
81 | EF 24mm f/1.4L USM | December 1997 |
80 | EF 300mm f/4.0L IS USM | March 1997 |
1996 | ||
79 | EF 28-80mm f/3.5-5.6 IV USM | September 1996 |
78 | EF 28-80mm f/3.5-5.6 | September 1996 |
77 | EF 24-85mm f/3.5-4.5 USM | September 1996 |
76 | EF 17-35mm f/2.8L USM | April 1996 |
75 | EF 135mm f/2.0L USM | April 1996 |
74 | EF 180mm f/3.5L Macro USM | April 1996 |
73 | EF 200mm f/2.8L II USM | March 1996 |
72 | EF 400mm f/2.8L II USM | March 1996 |
1995 | ||
71 | EF 28mm f/1.8 USM | September 1995 |
70 | EF 75-300mm f/4-5.6 IS USM | September 1995 |
69 | EF 28-80mm f/3.5-5.6 III USM | August 1995 |
68 | EF 75-300mm f/4-5.6 II | July 1995 |
67 | EF 80-200mm f/4.5-5.6 II | March 1995 |
66 | EF 75-300mm f/4-5.6 II USM | March 1995 |
65 | EF 70-200mm f/2.8L USM | March 1995 |
64 | EF 35-80mm f/4-5.6 III | March 1995 |
63 | EF 38-76mm f/4.5-5.6 | February 1995 |
1993 | ||
62 | EF 28-70mm f/2.8L USM | November 1993 |
61 | EF 28-80mm f/3.5-5.6 II USM | October 1993 |
60 | EF 35-80mm f/4-5.6 II | September 1993 |
59 | EF 1200mm f/5.6L USM | July 1993 |
58 | EF 50mm f/1.4 USM | June 1993 |
57 | EF 400mm f/5.6L USM | May 1993 |
56 | EF 20-35mm f/3.5-4.5 USM | March 1993 |
55 | EF 35-350mm f/3.5-5.6L USM | January 1993 |
1992 | ||
54 | EF 28-105mm f/3.5-4.5 USM | November 1992 |
53 | EF 85mm f/1.8 USM | July 1992 |
52 | EF 20mm f/2.8 USM | June 1992 |
51 | EF 80-200mm f/4.5-5.6 USM | June 1992 |
50 | EF 75-300mm f/4-5.6 USM | June 1992 |
49 | EF 35-105mm f/4.5-5.6 USM | June 1992 |
48 | EF 35-80mm f/4-5.6 USM | April 1992 |
47 | EF 500mm f/4.5L USM | March 1992 |
1991 | ||
46 | EF 14mm f/2.8L USM | December 1991 |
45 | EF 300mm f/4L USM | December 1991 |
44 | EF 200mm f/2.8L USM | December 1991 |
43 | EF 28-80mm f/3.5-5.6 USM | October 1991 |
42 | EF 100mm f/2 USM | October 1991 |
41 | EF 400mm f/2.8L USM | April 1991 |
40 | EF 35-105mm f/4.5-5.6 | April 1991 |
39 | TS-E 90mm f/2.8 | April 1991 |
38 | TS-E 45mm f/2.8 | April 1991 |
37 | TS-E 24mm f/3.5 | April 1991 |
36 | EF 75-300mm f/4-5.6 | March 1991 |
1990 | ||
35 | EF 50mm f/1.8 II | December 1990 |
34 | EF 80-200mm f/4.5-5.6 | October 1990 |
33 | EF 35mm f/2 | October 1990 |
32 | EF 35-80mm f/4-5.6 | September 1990 |
31 | EF 70-210mm f/3.5-4.5 USM | June 1990 |
30 | EF 100-300mm f/4.5-5.6 USM | June 1990 |
29 | EF 100mm f/2.8 Macro | April 1990 |
28 | EF 35-80mm f/4-5.6 PZ | March 1990 |
27 | EF 35-135mm f/4-5.6 USM | March 1990 |
1989 | ||
26 | EF 20-35mm f/2.8L | September 1989 |
25 | EF 80-200mm f/2.8L | September 1989 |
24 | EF 85mm f/1.2L USM | September 1989 |
23 | EF 50mm f/1.0L USM | September 1989 |
22 | EF 28-80mm f/2.8-4L USM | April 1989 |
1988 | ||
21 | EF 100-200mm f/4.5A | November 1988 |
20 | EF 24mm f/2.8 | November 1988 |
19 | EF 200mm f/1.8L USM | November 1988 |
18 | EF 600mm f/4L USM | November 1988 |
N/A | EF 1.4X Extender | November 1988 |
17 | EF 35-70mm f/3.5-4.5A | October 1988 |
16 | EF 35-135mm f/3.5-4.5 | June 1988 |
15 | EF 50-200mm f/3.5-4.5 L | June 1988 |
14 | EF 28-70mm f/3.5-4.5 II | June 1988 |
1987 | ||
13 | EF 50-200mm f/3.5-4.5 | December 1987 |
12 | EF 50mm f/2.5 Compact Macro | December 1987 |
11 | EF 28-70mm f/3.5-4.5 | November 1987 |
10 | EF 300mm f/2.8L USM | November 1987 |
9 | EF 135mm f/2.8 with Softfocus | October 1987 |
N/A | EF 2X Extender | October 1987 |
8 | EF 100–300mm f/5.6L | June 1987 |
7 | EF 70-210mm f/4 | May 1987 |
6 | EF 28mm f/2.8 | April 1987 |
5 | EF 15mm f/2.8 Fisheye | April 1987 |
4 | EF 100–300 mm f/5.6 | March 1987 |
3 | EF 35-70mm f/3.5-4.5 | March 1987 |
2 | EF 35-105mm f/3.5-4.5 | March 1987 |
1 | EF 50mm f/1.8 | March 1987 |
Thoughts on this List
When I compiled this list of Canon EF lenses, I found it particularly interesting to go back to the beginning of the EF lens timeline and see the rate at which Canon was releasing lenses for the EF mount in its initial years. It was a rapid expansion! It’s also interesting to note how what we consider now to be standard zoom ranges, such as 16-35mm, 24-70mm and 70-200mm have evolved. At the birth of the EF lens lineup, you were far more likely to find lenses with ranges such as 20-35mm, 28-70mm and 70-210mm. There were even a few unusual focal ranges, such as a 50-200mm L Series lens that I would love to see again in the Canon lens lineup and an oddball 38-76mm! Not to mention the legendary 35-350mm L Series zoom.
Pretty cool listing. Thanks for putting this together, Dan.
Wasn‘t there also an EF 50 f/0.95L? I could not find that in your list. If I remember well, it was not very successful because what it offered in terms aperture speed it lacked in sharpness to the degree that it was not really usable wide open, which kind of defeted its purpose. It was still a pretty cool record, wasn‘t it?
Canon did make a 50mm 0.95, but it was not for the EF mount. I’m not sure exactly what it was, but it was in the 60s or 70s. You might be thinking of the EF 50mm f/1.0 which is on the list in September 1989.
That is some impressive tallying that you have done, here. Comparing the release of Canon lenses to other brands and types, year-to-year, (I only know a little bit and is all about other brands) is quite interesting.
At some point, I might get around to compiling a similar list for Nikon’s F Mount. I would be curious to compare the two. As well as comparing the rollout of the EF mount with the rollout of the new RF mount.
Great list, thanks!
If I’m not mistaken, you counted EF 100-300mm f/4.5-5.6 USM and EF 75-300mm f/4-5.6 II USM twice?
That said, you might find that such a table already exists: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1XHrXeijkKB_ULZxcgJK_v4iPBbxAfOuuo-VuP5ESDvA/edit#gid=0
It does look like I made an error there. I’ll have to go back and figure out how this happened. Thanks.